The study deals with the dialectal and idiomatic peculiarities of Kazantzakis’ literary language, which is revealed as an original productive idiolect. It also aims at identifying the linguistic elements that characterize his Odys(s)ey, and especially unknown and neological words that are found in his epic poem. Many words, such as αθαλώνω [aθa΄lono], γελοχαχαρίζω [jeloxaxa΄rizo], λοξοτηρώ [loksoti΄ro], μαχαιροφράζω [maçero΄frazo], πρεπίζω [prepi΄zo], ριζοσκελώνω [rizoske΄lono], σουρίζω [su΄rizo] constitute a particular challenge as reagrads their position in a dialectal map of SMG. Additionally, comparatively indexised and neologisms are studied in order to identify the elements of dialectical productivity in word formation processes of derivation and compounding. Finally, derivational prefixes (such as ξε- [kse-], ανα- [ana-], συν- [syn-], κατα- [kata-] etc.) and first component of compounding words (like ακρο- [akro-], βαρυ/ι- [vari-], χαρο- [xaro-], χιλιο- [çilio-], χρ[ο]υσο- [xru/iso-], ψυχο- [psixo-] etc.) are examined morphologically and semantically in order to outline their particularly productive poetic behaviour in the rendering of the writer’s meaning. Important information about the morphological processes of compounding and derivation can contribute to creating a poetic taxonomic model.